Looks like saw/file marks to me.
The model for the mold was hand fabricated and not made by a precision computer operated carving machine,that is the difference.
Using a silicone mold can produce detailed parts like your...
At some time they cut back on niello and started using colored enamel...
Make a key,photo included......................
Acid etched design with hand engraved name.
Many were made in Mexico in the 60/70's..........
I worked for a "narcissistic perfectionist" for a number of years.If it wasn't perfect under a 10X loupe,it went into the recycle bin or given...
I just didn't think a professional would goof up the milling on the base as it is in the bottom photo.
Looks like a school metal shops project.
Yes,the failure of said process is also cited.............
The whole piece is die stamped copper.
The rubies look heavily included and "native" cut.
It appears to be copper.
Go back and edit photos,click full image all,the pics are too small to see anything.
I didn't see the specific pattern in your photo,,but over the years there has been a lot of different patterns available. Patterned metal sheet...
Hematite is not magnetic unless it has magnetite in it..... https://geology.com/minerals/hematite.shtml
There is another section on the site mostly dedicated to goldsmiths,etc. where I have been for many years. Not sure if anyone noticed the link,the...
Found this while doing a little research, history,Faberge eggs,bugs,cameos,etc. Bugs......
An experienced hammer and chisel engraver can cut just as smooth as any hand push engraver....
Separate names with a comma.