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<p>[QUOTE=&quot;Francisco G Kempton, post: 4311780, member: 22714&quot;]Very Good Ken,</p><p><br /></p><p>Anything not made in the Imperial Kiln or for the Imperial Kiln was considerd Minyao ware or ordinary porcelain. I disagree with you that this tea cup should be described as&nbsp; Qing dynasty Minyao/provincial ware. Minyao ware was nearly always marked at the base, some exports were not so it is unlikely to be Minyao ware at all. Antique western export and oriental export porcelain is rarely marked to the base. So it is more likely to be an export but not to the West but to a more provincial destination and likely as utility connected to an Asian way of life.</p><p><br /></p><p>So Kitchen Qing while incorrect, as most exports to south east asia were also base marked and this export was not base marked, nonetheless &#039;Kitchen Qing&#039; is still a more appropriate description as it was destined for a similar provinicial purpose.</p><p><br /></p><p>If we can define it further we can then depart with the description &#039;Kitchen Qing&#039; and call it nonya blue and white porcelain,Straits Chinese porcelain&nbsp; etc...</p><p><br /></p><p>However when a piece that could be from the 12th century or the 19th century has only 1 characteristic,&nbsp; it was an export for a provincial destination then I do admire the term Boerenming and i am most grateful to learn of it but when the item is from the Qing era and the item is an export for a provincial destination then &#039;Kitchen Qing&#039; works fine until you can more accurately describe it with better reference.</p><p><br /></p><p>The use of the term Minyao ware is sometimes used by auction houses to distinguish a Kangxi bowl that is of such artistic merit as that as not being a Chinese Export. They are usually always marked.</p><p><br /></p><p>There is merit for every description but Minyao is nearly always marked and can be from any era and can be Kangxi while &#039;Kitchen Qing&#039; the best description for these types of ware, even if it is not technically &#039;Kitchen Qing&#039;.</p><p><br /></p><p>I stand by the simplicity of the term &#039;Kitchen Qing&#039;.[/QUOTE]</p><p><br /></p>

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